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Ulrich on the Volga
Photography by the authors
The small towns on the river Volga that circle Moscow to the North East have been called the Golden Ring. Trade during the Middle Ages was Europe’s entry into Russia and the river was where the money came in. The merchants on the river from the 11th to the 14th centuries accumulated, and demonstrated, more wealth even than the country’s landed gentry.
One way the merchants could show their wealth -- ostentatiously but that made it even better -- was to build their own church. The real benefit to them was that the Russian Church then, as perhaps even now, encouraged the rich to believe you could buy your way into Heaven.
Perhaps tongue-in-cheek, Wikipedia says in masterly under-statement, “These ancient towns… played a significant role in the formation of the Russian Orthodox Church.” And how! Russia had more than 100,000 churches at one time, actually until the Russian Revolution destroyed many of them. There are still plenty to discover. Without its churches Russia might well be a colorless destination. Even ones with drab exteriors have icons hanging on their walls that almost overpower church visitors.
So when we tie down our Viking River Cruises boat that will be our home for the next two weeks it’s no surprise to find in front of us a church put together like a gingerbread house, the Church of St. Demetrius on Blood. It is named after Dimitri Ivanovich, the son of Ivan the Terrible who in 1584, at the age of two, had been exiled to Ulrich on the death of his father. But at the age of ten he represented the last in the Rurik dynasty and was surely a threat to ambitious men.
When he was found with his throat cut in 1591, the authorities documented the death as “an accident.” The Romanov tsars canonized the boy, built the church in his memory 100 years later on the spot where he died, and ultimately made Ulrich a place of pilgrimage.
The expression “Church on Blood” is a term for any Russian church built on the site where a member of royalty had been murdered. Three particularly poignant churches so named exist in Russia: this one, then the one commemorating the murder of Alexander II and another the murder of Nicholas II and his family.
This raises the thought that a trip to Russia may be expensive and to keep it from being incomprehensible as well, visitors need to do their homework before they arrive. The 50 years or so when Ivan IV reigned in Russia, for example, are well documented but what was going on before Russia’s Time of Troubles will be hard for Americans to understand if they haven’t read some history before they come.
The Viking guides on the river boats do speak English but perhaps passengers would enjoy their cruise more if they read some of the history in their guidebooks first. Young Dimitri lived his short life in the Palace, now a museum, where a choral group entertained us.
The Cathedral of Christ’s Resurrection with its brightly fresh-painted yellow ochre walls and green tiled domes, its three stories and its vaulted ceiling -- and an ancient history to boot – contrasts with the stark Federovskaya Church, a monastery that was built more recently in 1818. This latter church with its peeling murals sadly needs restoration.
Scaffolding perches on both the exterior and interior walls. A teenager sits inside with a bag to welcome donations from visitors and seems particularly excited to be given dollars because we don’t have any local currency. We wondered if he would slip the dollars into his pocket but he stares us out and smiles when we turn away.
A friend who had been to Russia before told us we would see churches. She got that right. They come in all states of repair because the Bolshevik revolution destroyed so many. Some stand neglected side by side, their names forgotten. Others next door are as bright as a new penny.
As we walk back to our river boat subdued by the wanton neglect of such beautiful churches we pass two attractive women singing Russian songs. Fellow passengers ask us as we go with them, “Know what they were singing?”
We shake our heads.
They reply “It was ‘From Russia With Love’ and they were eying you, Eric!” Wow!
We return down the path along the river bank where locals are selling souvenirs. We now know their wares, though not fancy, are a lot less expensive than what was on sale in town. And now we do have local currency. Ahead is our ship and afternoon tea awaits. Life doesn’t get much better.
The Andersons, who live in San Diego, are the resident travel & cruise columnists for Physician's Money Digest. Nancy is a former nursing educator, Eric a retired MD. The one-time president of the New Hampshire Academy of Family Practice, Eric is the only physician in the American Society of Travel Writers. He has also written five books, the last called The Man Who Cried Orange: Stories from a Doctor's Life.
The small towns on the river Volga that circle Moscow to the North East have been called the Golden Ring. Trade during the Middle Ages was Europe’s entry into Russia and the river was where the money came in. The merchants on the river from the 11th to the 14th centuries accumulated, and demonstrated, more wealth even than the country’s landed gentry.
One way the merchants could show their wealth -- ostentatiously but that made it even better -- was to build their own church. The real benefit to them was that the Russian Church then, as perhaps even now, encouraged the rich to believe you could buy your way into Heaven.
Perhaps tongue-in-cheek, Wikipedia says in masterly under-statement, “These ancient towns… played a significant role in the formation of the Russian Orthodox Church.” And how! Russia had more than 100,000 churches at one time, actually until the Russian Revolution destroyed many of them. There are still plenty to discover. Without its churches Russia might well be a colorless destination. Even ones with drab exteriors have icons hanging on their walls that almost overpower church visitors.
So when we tie down our Viking River Cruises boat that will be our home for the next two weeks it’s no surprise to find in front of us a church put together like a gingerbread house, the Church of St. Demetrius on Blood. It is named after Dimitri Ivanovich, the son of Ivan the Terrible who in 1584, at the age of two, had been exiled to Ulrich on the death of his father. But at the age of ten he represented the last in the Rurik dynasty and was surely a threat to ambitious men.
When he was found with his throat cut in 1591, the authorities documented the death as “an accident.” The Romanov tsars canonized the boy, built the church in his memory 100 years later on the spot where he died, and ultimately made Ulrich a place of pilgrimage.
The expression “Church on Blood” is a term for any Russian church built on the site where a member of royalty had been murdered. Three particularly poignant churches so named exist in Russia: this one, then the one commemorating the murder of Alexander II and another the murder of Nicholas II and his family.
This raises the thought that a trip to Russia may be expensive and to keep it from being incomprehensible as well, visitors need to do their homework before they arrive. The 50 years or so when Ivan IV reigned in Russia, for example, are well documented but what was going on before Russia’s Time of Troubles will be hard for Americans to understand if they haven’t read some history before they come.
The Viking guides on the river boats do speak English but perhaps passengers would enjoy their cruise more if they read some of the history in their guidebooks first. Young Dimitri lived his short life in the Palace, now a museum, where a choral group entertained us.
The Cathedral of Christ’s Resurrection with its brightly fresh-painted yellow ochre walls and green tiled domes, its three stories and its vaulted ceiling -- and an ancient history to boot – contrasts with the stark Federovskaya Church, a monastery that was built more recently in 1818. This latter church with its peeling murals sadly needs restoration.
Scaffolding perches on both the exterior and interior walls. A teenager sits inside with a bag to welcome donations from visitors and seems particularly excited to be given dollars because we don’t have any local currency. We wondered if he would slip the dollars into his pocket but he stares us out and smiles when we turn away.
A friend who had been to Russia before told us we would see churches. She got that right. They come in all states of repair because the Bolshevik revolution destroyed so many. Some stand neglected side by side, their names forgotten. Others next door are as bright as a new penny.
As we walk back to our river boat subdued by the wanton neglect of such beautiful churches we pass two attractive women singing Russian songs. Fellow passengers ask us as we go with them, “Know what they were singing?”
We shake our heads.
They reply “It was ‘From Russia With Love’ and they were eying you, Eric!” Wow!
We return down the path along the river bank where locals are selling souvenirs. We now know their wares, though not fancy, are a lot less expensive than what was on sale in town. And now we do have local currency. Ahead is our ship and afternoon tea awaits. Life doesn’t get much better.
The Andersons, who live in San Diego, are the resident travel & cruise columnists for Physician's Money Digest. Nancy is a former nursing educator, Eric a retired MD. The one-time president of the New Hampshire Academy of Family Practice, Eric is the only physician in the American Society of Travel Writers. He has also written five books, the last called The Man Who Cried Orange: Stories from a Doctor's Life.
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cyborg1939
Grandfather came from a place named Bobruisk And from the immense fires it was prone to, came my family name GORELIK ( GORLICK)
9. The Fires and the "Fireman Crew" ( from he internet; accessed 8-31-10)
One cannot write about Bobruisk and not touch upon the plague of the fires, which had become indivisible from the normal life of the city. Bobruisk was built completely of wood, on account of security reasons one was not permitted to build brick buildings. Some of the houses had thatched roofs, and the smallest fire, which engulfed a house, was carried by the wind from house to house and devoured the whole street.
Besides the small and usual fires, which were a daily phenomenon, Bobruisk underwent other great fires, which ravaged large parts of the city. They remained long years in the memories of the citizens.
The first news of such a great fire, when "the whole city went up in smoke," comes to us from the end of 1854. Twenty years later, 1874, there were burned 150 houses, including three beys-midrashim. The loss was estmated at two million rubles. In the city theives and robbers were rampant, who carried off the belongings, which lay around outdoors. (Incidentally, a kind of rampage of the thieves, only during a fire, was a common attending phenomenon in the city).
A great fire broke out in Bobruisk shortly after Shvuos in the famous "fire summer" of the year 1881, when anti-semitic hooligans set fire to Jewish houses in the cities and villages of the Pale of Settlement, an addition to the pogroms of Southern Russia. Although it is hard to know, if the fire in Bobruisk came from setting, or it was a "natural" fire.
In the eighties came moreover, that the insurance society often used to decline to insure houses or property. In order to improve the situation, in Bobruisk, with the help of the government, there was estabished in 1886 a "volunteer fireman crew." In a general meeting, which was convened that year in the month of Nisan, with the participation of the fortress commander, city commander, doctors, pharmacies, and distinguished bosses Jewish and Christian, it was decided to establish a fireman crew. Contributors and active members were called upon to enlist and on the spot was collected approximately 500 rubles and around 200 men then also volunteered, mostly Jews. There were created three departments: "one to rescue the dishes and articles from the fire, the second to throw out, to destroy the burning buildings, and the third to extinguish the fire with water."
[Page 134]
The fireman crew was a blessing for the city. From time to time, we read, that a fire broke out, houses were burned, but "were it not the fireman crew, the fire would devour houses one after another. Only thanks to them, the firemen worked continually, literally establishing the life, they saved a lot of houses in the area from the fire." The fireman crew executed a certain societal function in the city. Common people used to converge and find a satisfaction in useful and societal work. The official commander of the "City Fire Brigade"--thus was later called the fireman crew--was Arkady Zaruba, the son of a Christian City President, but actually the head hmdbrim and active leader was Tsherniak, a very tall and broad-shouldered Jew, who sold soda on Shoseynaya Street. He stood as the leader while putting out the fires and received many awards from the government. He was the pillar of the fireman crew for over forty years.
The fires did not stop in the city, but they were diminished, the fear was gone, and Bobruisk citizens knew that there was a watchman and guard, who was concerned with the the extinguishing and localization of the fires. Bobruisk obviously experienced, as we will presently see, a great fire in 1902, which was a turning point in the life and in the subsequent development of the city.
9. The Fires and the "Fireman Crew" ( from he internet; accessed 8-31-10)
One cannot write about Bobruisk and not touch upon the plague of the fires, which had become indivisible from the normal life of the city. Bobruisk was built completely of wood, on account of security reasons one was not permitted to build brick buildings. Some of the houses had thatched roofs, and the smallest fire, which engulfed a house, was carried by the wind from house to house and devoured the whole street.
Besides the small and usual fires, which were a daily phenomenon, Bobruisk underwent other great fires, which ravaged large parts of the city. They remained long years in the memories of the citizens.
The first news of such a great fire, when "the whole city went up in smoke," comes to us from the end of 1854. Twenty years later, 1874, there were burned 150 houses, including three beys-midrashim. The loss was estmated at two million rubles. In the city theives and robbers were rampant, who carried off the belongings, which lay around outdoors. (Incidentally, a kind of rampage of the thieves, only during a fire, was a common attending phenomenon in the city).
A great fire broke out in Bobruisk shortly after Shvuos in the famous "fire summer" of the year 1881, when anti-semitic hooligans set fire to Jewish houses in the cities and villages of the Pale of Settlement, an addition to the pogroms of Southern Russia. Although it is hard to know, if the fire in Bobruisk came from setting, or it was a "natural" fire.
In the eighties came moreover, that the insurance society often used to decline to insure houses or property. In order to improve the situation, in Bobruisk, with the help of the government, there was estabished in 1886 a "volunteer fireman crew." In a general meeting, which was convened that year in the month of Nisan, with the participation of the fortress commander, city commander, doctors, pharmacies, and distinguished bosses Jewish and Christian, it was decided to establish a fireman crew. Contributors and active members were called upon to enlist and on the spot was collected approximately 500 rubles and around 200 men then also volunteered, mostly Jews. There were created three departments: "one to rescue the dishes and articles from the fire, the second to throw out, to destroy the burning buildings, and the third to extinguish the fire with water."
[Page 134]
The fireman crew was a blessing for the city. From time to time, we read, that a fire broke out, houses were burned, but "were it not the fireman crew, the fire would devour houses one after another. Only thanks to them, the firemen worked continually, literally establishing the life, they saved a lot of houses in the area from the fire." The fireman crew executed a certain societal function in the city. Common people used to converge and find a satisfaction in useful and societal work. The official commander of the "City Fire Brigade"--thus was later called the fireman crew--was Arkady Zaruba, the son of a Christian City President, but actually the head hmdbrim and active leader was Tsherniak, a very tall and broad-shouldered Jew, who sold soda on Shoseynaya Street. He stood as the leader while putting out the fires and received many awards from the government. He was the pillar of the fireman crew for over forty years.
The fires did not stop in the city, but they were diminished, the fear was gone, and Bobruisk citizens knew that there was a watchman and guard, who was concerned with the the extinguishing and localization of the fires. Bobruisk obviously experienced, as we will presently see, a great fire in 1902, which was a turning point in the life and in the subsequent development of the city.
August 31, 2010 - [ 18:04:02 ]
Anonymous
Don't know how typical American travelers find such obscure but interesting places. Well done, MD
September 9, 2010 - [ 19:45:46 ]
Anonymous
Surely Anderson is too old for two Russian damsels to be ogling him! We know him. ANON
September 22, 2010 - [ 16:33:34 ]
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